Monastic Foundations
Canonthorpe
In the Middle Ages land in Treeton was deeded to the Augustinian monks (canons) of Nostell Priory. They founded a small settlement here called Canonthorpe - the name is now lost, but the religious connection remains in the name Hail Mary Wood.
Hermitages
Hermitages were out of the way places where a monk or holy man lived in prayer or seclusion away from the abbey or priory. The Hermitage of St John the Baptist was situated near Blackburn in the Manor of Kimberworth. By 1161 this had been abandoned as an hermitage and the lands were granted to the monks of Kirkstead Abbey for exploitation of iron ore.
Kirkstead Abbey Grange
About 1161 the Cistercian monks of Kirkstead Abbey in Lincolnshire entered into agreements with the Lords of the Manors of Ecclesfield and Kimberworth to exploit iron ore deposits near Thundercliffe. Throughout the Middle Ages there was a residence, forges, furnaces and iron ore workings here. The work was done by lay brothers who were housed in the Monks Smithy Houses now known as Kirkstead Abbey Grange (a farm then private houses in the 20th Century). There was also a grange with fishponds, dovecote and stables at Thundercliffe built for the estate granger who had charge of the farm and corn mill.
Roche Abbey
The Abbey of St Mary of Roche was a Cistercian House founded in 1147 by Richard de Bully, Lord of Tickhill and Richard, son of Turgis. It became a place of pilgrimage as one of the rocks at Roche bore a resemblance to the Cross. It was a centre of learning and charity. In time many wealthy and not so wealthy people left gifts, often of land, to the Abbot in return for prayers for their souls. In a time when hardly anybody but the clergy was literate or numerate, Roche Abbey and its monks and Abbot exerted a great deal of influence through the surrounding area. They were builders of bridges and roads, drainers of swamps and keen on improving their lands and properties. There are many charters detailing the landed property of the Abbey but no chronicle of the house survives.
At the Dissolution of the Monasteries in 1538 the house was valued at £224 2s. 5d. and was surrendered to the Crown. I presume that, as in may similar cases, the Crown purloined anything of value and the rest of the fixtures, fittings, books etc. were auctioned off. As for the abbey, there was wholesale plunder by everybody in the neighbourhood. Much of the stone was carted away and used to rebuilt part of St Bartholomew's Church and erect new cottages and houses in nearby Maltby.
The Crown granted the site and buildings to Thomas Vavasour and William Ramsden in 1554. The site and buildings subsequently passed, together with the manor of Sandbeck, to Robert Saunderson whose son became Viscount Castleton in the peerage of Ireland. The 6th Viscount and 1st Earl died without issue in 1723. His estates passed to a cousin, Thomas Lumley, who became 3rd Earl of Scarborough. The ruins of the abbey formed part of the landscaped estate gardens until 1921 when they passed into the guardianship of the Department of the Environment. The site is now administered by English Heritage.
There are many charters detailing the landed property of the Abbey but no chronicle of the house survives. For more about Roche Abbey visit onsite at Tourism in Rotherham >> In & Around Rotherham >> Roche Abbey.